Burner.



H. C. MAUL.

BURNER.

APPLICATION HLED .lULY 28,1917.

Patented Feb. 12, 1918.

HENRY C. MAUL, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNQR To THE MICHIGAN sTovE CoM- PANY, 0E DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

BURNER.

Spectflcation of Letters Patent. Patented Feb, 12, 1918,

Application filed July 28, 1917. Serial No. 183,220.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY C. MAUL, a citizen 'of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in Burners, of which the followmg is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This mvention relates to burners and has special reference to that kind of biirners used in ranges, hot plates, ovens and varlous types of stoves-and heating apparatus utilizing natural or artificial gas for fuel.

My invention aims to provide a burner, which compared to the well known type of star or spider burner, possesses t lowing characteristics and advantages First, the burner is materially decreasedm size without sacrificing eliiciency and with a consequent saving in material; second, without any modifications or changes the burner may use artificial or natural gas as a fuel; third, the arrangement of gas ets insures a large flame area even though the burner is small, and, fourth, the reduction in size and standardizing for natural and artificial gas is a great saving and an advantage for manu acturers, since it is unnecessary to carry in stock difl'erent klIldS or sizes of burners.

The above and other advantages are gamed by a burner structure that will be hereinafter described and then claimed, and reference will. now be had to the drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a plan of the burner;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the hue II- -II of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken on the line III-III of Fig. 1.

In the drawing, the reference numeral 1 denotes a burner or gas supply pipe and at the outer end thereof is a bowl shaped burner chamber 2 having the side walls thereof crenelated or provided with radially disposed commumcating jetchambers 3, and these chambers have convex upper walls 4 merging into the convex upper wall 5 of the burner chamber 2. The burner is therefore somewhat mushroom shape, and the top wall of each jet chamber has a series of openings 6 of different sizes. The openings are equally spaced and have for their axes lines radiating from the center of the burner e folchamber 2 or a point in the axis of the pipe 1. In practice, the openings 6 are disposed about seven and a half degrees apart and said openings are made with drills preferably four numbers apart, with the smallest openings adjacent the wall 5 and said openings gradually increasing to the outer ends of the jet chambers.

The convex wall 5 of the chainber 2 is also provided with openings 7 having the axes thereof radiating from the same center as the axes of the openings 6, but all of the openings 7 are of the same size and prefera ly the size of the small openings 6. The openings 7 are arranged in two rows; one at right angles to the other, as best shown in Fig. 1, 1n contradistinction to the radial rows of the openings 6, and such an arrangement assures flame propagation when gas is ignited at any one of the openings 6 or 7. This is a distinct advantage over certain types of spider burners as it is necessary to ignite the gas at many points before all jets are burning.

The arrangement of the jet chambers permits of. gas being equally distributed throughout the burner and by radially disposing the openings 6 and 7 and varying the same 1n size, a large flame area is obtained presenting a flat heating surface. This is brought about by gradually increasin the tion of the burner to the extremities thereof, so that there will be a greater gas outlet around the edges of the burner and thus allow larger flames to be maintained at such angle that the tips of the flames will be in the same plane as those flames burning at the jet openings 7. By disposing the jet openings at an angle another very important advantage is ained which contributes to a thorough combustion and consequently a high heat beneath a cooking utensil placed above the burner to be heated thereby. In the manufacture of gas ranges and stoves, what is known as flame suffocation is to be avoided and such flame sufiocation is very often found in connection with burners having all of the jet openings vertically disposed and in groups, somewhat similar to a pider burner. Such a burner generally has an air opening through the center to supply secondary air to the gas jets and this leaves a cool spot in the center on the bottom of a' cooking utensil. Then again, with a censize of the jet openings from the centra por- 4 trally located flame surrounded by others and the flames impinging against the bottom of a cooking utensil, the outer flames form a wall or barrier, excluding air from the central flame, leaving no egress for the heat produced by the center flames, and consequently the central flames are of low calorie value, smudge a cooking utensil, and in some instances are completely extinguished. This flame sufi'ocation is completely avoided in my burner by having the center jets on an outward angle which gives the produced heat an outward motion from center, allowing the inner jets the proper amount of air for combustion, and also directing the heat to flow outward. The angnlarity of the outermost flames emanating from the burner permits of suflicient air reaching the innermost flames, and consequently there is a proper combustion at all of the flames, particularly the central flames, producing a high degree of heat uniformly distributed on the bottom of the cooking utensil, without any smudging. 7

What 1 claim is r 1 A burner having a gas inlet pipe anda chamber at the outer end thereof, said chamber having the wall thereof crenelated and provided with openings, some of which are of greater diameter than others, and all of the openings having the axes thereof radiating from a common point in said chamber.

2. A burner comprising a gas inlet pipe having a chamber at the outer end thereof, radially disposed jet chambers communicating therewith, and all of said chambers having a common upper convex wall with openings therein radiatin from a common point in said burner chain er,

3. 1% burner having a gas inlet pipe provided with a burner chamber having a conin presence of two intents vex wall provided with openings ot'equal size disposed in two rows one at right angles to the other, and jet chambers communicating with the burner chamber and having convex walls provided with openings of various size, said openings having the axes thereof radiating from the same center as the axes of the first mentioned opening.

4:. A burner of the type' described comprising a chamber, jet chambers communicating therewith, said chambers being closed by a convex wall common to' all of said chambers and provided with openings, the openings of the jet chambers gradually increasing in size from the burner chamber to the extremities of the jet chambers, and other openings of the same size disposed to assure flame propagation between the first mentioned openings.

5. A burner comprising communicating chambers provided with gas outlet openings, said openings being disposed at such angles ,and of such size as to provide flames, the

tips thereof being in a common plane.

6. A burner chamber provided with gas outlet openings, said openings being vertical at center, and on an outward angle at its extremities and increasing in size toward its extremities.

7. A burner having a substantially spherical shaped top with gas ports on an outward angle and the ports increasing in size from the central ortion 0t thetop to the peripheral edges is iereof and a gas inlet pipe for said burner.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature witnesses.

HENRY C. MAUL. Witnesses:

Ernans PoMA'vrLLn, W'M. H. STICKEL. 

